Having just installed Ubuntu 11.04 for the first time. I did not like the look of Unity, so I purged it, and instead installed Gnome 3. Now as I try to log on I get the message “Failed to load session “gnome”", regardless of choosing “ubuntu”, “Ubuntu GNOME Shell Desktop” or “User Defined Session” in the drop-down box on the log-in screen. I can still access the recovery console.

I thought perhaps some of the packages I installed and downloaded was outdated, so I did apt-get upgrade and dist-upgrade, but it found no updates.

What can be the problem?

Solution : Ubuntu 11.04 : Failed to load session “gnome”

• install “ugr-desktop-g3″

source : ubuntuforums.org

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I have looked this up online, and all the explanations I have found so far are extremely confusing (and don’t make any sense to me). My problem is that after upgrading my ubuntu version my headphones stopped working. My speakers work, but turn off when my headphones are put in (as they should). However no sound can be heard at that time.

I have heard some vague ambiguous explanations talking about:

• Alsa Mixer
• Volume control (the same thing?)

But so far no solution ?

Solution : Headphones Don’t Work After Installing Ubuntu 10.10

Hope this helps

Sorry about that hasty answer. I meant to say that you have to look for your soundcard and add the line corresponding to your hardware at the end of alsa-base.conf as follows:

sudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf

Save and reboot. Voilà, your headphones should be working now! (Just keep in mind that you need to switch between “analog output” and “analog headphones” in the sound settings manager depending on which one you wanna use.

If it’s an integrated sound chip, you might be able to have your headphones back by adding “options snd-hda-intel model=*****” or “options snd-hda-intel model=***** position_fix=*” (without the quotes) at the end of alsabase.conf file, just as I explained in my previous post. All you need to do is to merely copy-paste it after all the text in that .conf file.

If your computer is a laptop, the line should be provided in that list. By the way. If your computer isn’t a laptop, then, you should try “auto” for the model and “0,” “1” or “2” for the position. Hope you got it working this time around.

source : ubuntuforums.org

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I just installed Mint 10, which is base on 10.10. And i also tried with Ubuntu 10.10 liveCD. Running on an ASUS G50vt-x2 laptop. The thing is that im having sound issues. Internal speakers work fine. But i can’t get any sound on my headphones. At least not if i plug them all the way in. If i keep them not fully plugged, but a bit out, i get sound on my headphones and on the internal speakers.

No clue where to start here. If it’s of any help, i also don’t have working nor the internal microphones or the mic input, or the audio input. (this laptop has 3 spica plugs).

Here is my lshw-C sound:
*-multimedia
description: Audio device
product: 82801I (ICH9 Family) HD Audio Controller
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1b
bus info: pci@0000:00:1b.0
version: 03
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
Capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list
Configuration: driver=HDA Intel latency=0
Resources: irq:48 memory:f9ff8000-f9ffbfff

Just ring if there’s any other info i can provide to you guys in order to know what’s going on.

SOLUTION: Linux Ubuntu 10.10 Sound Issue

Modify the alsa-mixer conf file to recongise your hardware soundcard.
Location file: / etc / modprobe.d / alsa-base.conf

How to edit it:
sudo nano /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf (i use nano for text editing, you can use gedit, vi, or the one you please).

At the last line, i added this one:
options snd-hda-intel model = m51va position_fix = 0

So my alsa-base.conf looks like (note this are only the last lines.. ):
# Keep snd-pcsp from being loaded as first soundcard
options snd-pcsp index =- 2
# Keep snd-usb-audio from being loaded as first soundcard
SND options USB-Audio-index =- 2
options snd-hda-intel model = m51va position_fix = 0

That’s it ! Just reboot and everything is working as it should. Plug headphones, sound only on headphones, Unplug, sound on internal speakers ! If you need to solve it for another laptop model/brand (these are for intel soundcards), here you have a full list of the alsa options to modify the alsa-base.conf file:

audio_intel_hda

source : ubuntuforums.org

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The Avant Window Navigator project houses the awn and awn-extras projects.

Awn Project

This project is focused on developing the core ‘dock’ and accompanying library ‘libawn’. It consists of a core set of developers who fix bugs, preside over feature requests and merge translations.

Awn-extras Project

This project is focused on developing applets, plugins and anything else which is related to Awn, but does not belong in core. It consists of a larger base of developers, and allows those interested in developing software for Awn to host there creations, and also have the chance to for their applets to be included in a awn-extras release.

awn-settings provides a simple way to configure avant-window-navigator. You can manage preferences, themes, applets and launchers.

website

It’s a few days in to 2011, which means most of us have made (and broken) a set of resolutions for the New Year. While I may not drop all the pounds I want in 2011, I have already shed some baggage: Newfangled apps that don’t measure up to the old school Linux utilities.

Like a lot of writers, I do best at brainstorming with a pen and paper — not at the computer. So I bundled up and took the Moleskine out to Steak ‘n Shake to scribble some thoughts on goals for the new year and story ideas. This is a time-honored tradition, I’ve been brainstorming with an Orange Freeze in hand since I was in my 20s, and I’ve consistently (modulo a few breakfasts) ordered the same meal for 35 years: double Steakburger, fries, cup of chili, and the aforementioned Orange Freeze. Variety may be the spice of life — but I know what I like, and habits can be a good thing.

After placing my order without looking at the menu, I realized that what’s true at Steak ‘n Shake is true for a lot of applications — there’s no good reason to change just for the sake of change. Especially when you know your way around the classics. And unlike the double burger and fries, Mutt and Vim aren’t doing any damage to my arteries.

The Unix Philosophy

Just like I know my Steak ‘n Shake order by heart, I know (or can quickly pick up) the keystrokes to compose and send mail in Mutt. I know how to search and replace text strings in Vim or perform complex operations on files from the command line without having to touch the mouse. Yes, Google Reader and Gmail (for instance) also have keyboard shortcuts — but I can’t pipe mail from Gmail into a script.

Aside from the fast food epiphany I had over the holiday, I also worked on a few projects over the break that informed my decision. For instance, I wrote up a review of Linux-based feed readers for LWN and really spent a lot of time with Newsbeuter. Like Mutt, Newsbeuter is not only keyboard-driven, it’s highly customizable. It hit me just how much I missed being able to fine-tune the tools I work with.

Likewise, I’ve still not found a desktop or Web-based organizer that I really like. So, I’m going to spend a few weeks working with Emacs Org-mode and VimOrganizer. (Really hoping that VimOrganizer pans out, as I’m just not ready to switch to Emacs…)

Thanks to OfflineImap, my mail can be hosted just about anywhere and I can get the same benefits as using Gmail — that is, having my mail at any computer I’m at. I’m also experimenting with Mairix for indexing and searching mail so I don’t have to rely on Google for searching my mail.

The past few years I’ve been spending most of my time in the browser, much of it using Gmail and Google Reader. For many use cases, these tools are fantastic. But they’re not as extensible as Mutt, Newsbeuter, or other old school utilities. The simple feature of being able to pipe output from one application to another is enormously powerful if you take the time to customize your tools and write a few scripts. You don’t have that option with Google Reader, as nice as it is.

Return to Debian and FOSS

Since I spend much of my time writing about all things Linux, I try to keep in touch with all the major distributions — but I tend to have “stable” machine for writing, and then run new releases and beta/release candidate versions on the others and in VMs.

For the past year, I’ve mostly run Linux Mint on the stable system. Over the holiday I decided to get back to basics and check in on Debian. Is it a bit rougher around the edges? Yep. Am I having more fun with it? Yep.

This isn’t something I’d recommend for everybody, of course. I think that Mint, Ubuntu, and other distros have done Linux a fine service by making it more accessible. I appreciate the refinements that have gone into desktop Linux distros to make it more suitable for folks looking to ditch Windows without a bunch of hassle. I still think Web apps need to be a big part of the future for Free Software, but that’s for casual users of computers.

The other reason I wanted to return to Debian is that I want to see where Free Software is at today, and how much I can do without resorting to proprietary bits. The news that Debian Squeeze is shipping a kernel without any proprietary firmware inspired me a bit. While I’m not a die-hard, fire-breathing, Free Software or Nothing person — but I’d prefer to use FOSS where possible. So going back to Debian is going to be an exercise in seeing what’s possible with FOSS only. I might also spend a month or two using Fedora, too.

Moderation in All Things

This doesn’t mean I’m swearing off all GUI applications, or going to start compiling all my software from scratch, or running an Android build on my Nexus with all the proprietary goodies removed. I still view my computer as a tool to get work done, not a hobby. I’m not going to try to browse the Web in lynx or w3m as a rule, or stop using Web applications when they’re the best tool for the job.

So my primary technology resolution for 2011 is going to be to return to traditional, and open source, Unixy tools for my day to day work. So far, it’s going well — and I’ll be sure to share some tips with the Linux Magazine readership as I get further (back) down this road. What about your 2011 resolutions?

source : RING IN 2011 WITH OLD SCHOOL APPS

 ,  best linux apps 2011

This blog post will help solve practically all Serious Ubuntu problems for eg:
problems like “Gave up waiting for root device”, any kind of Ubuntu kernel errors or kernel crash,any kind of error while booting Ubuntu/Ubuntu boot errors,grub/grub 2 errors,etc
If you are new to Ubuntu (linux) and you recently installed upgrades through synaptic package manager or other means you are probably going to face such a problem.
I am going to focus on a booting error which even i faced.(what are you going to do if you system doesn’t even start..)
Here is what the error looks like:

Gave up waiting for root device.  Common problems:
-Boot args (cat /proc/cmdline)
-Check root delay = (did the system wait long enough?)
-Check root=(did the system wait for the right device?)
-Missing modules (cat /proc/modules; ls /dev)
ALERT! /dev/disk/by-uuid/682bc0ce-b500-488e-b36e-4bc7ad043776 does not exist.
Dropping to shell!

Busybox v1.10.2 (Ubuntu 1:1.10.2-2ubuntu7) built-in shell (ash)
Enter ‘help’ for a list of built-in commands.

Well if your Ubuntu is broken like this or any way, just follow the steps i have written below and you will be back online in minutes!

Lets start:

First Boot up with Ubuntu live CD or Ubuntu live USB drive or any linux distribution with same architecture. [This is the same thing you had used to install Ubuntu on your system.Just select run live cd/try without changes to computer when you boot from the cd/usb]

Once your system is up on the live cd, open a terminal. A terminal can be opened on Ubuntu by clicking Applications->Accessories->Terminal .

Now we shall create a directory to mount your broken installation drive(installation which is not booting or you are having problem with).
Type the following command in your terminal
sudo mkdir /media/fix

Mount your drive using the following command
sudo mount /dev/sda2 /media/fix
(replace /dev/sda2 with name of drive, e.g. sda1 etc.)[type mount | tail -l to find your drive name][If you are a newbie, mind the space between /dev/sda2 and /media/fix ]

chroot into your /media/fix directory.
sudo chroot /media/fix su

[Note: Chroot will give you errors if the architecture of installed system and live cd is different. -System Architecture in general means 32 bit or 64 bit system]

Update your system via apt as normal. (now sudo is not required)
apt-get update
apt-get upgrade
apt-get dist-upgrade

now press ctrl+d or type “exit” to exit the chroot, then reboot the computer and you should be able to get back into your system.

Sometimes there will be no internet in the chroot environment.
To correct this,enter
sudo cp /etc/resolv.conf /media/fix/etc/resolv.conf

The end..

So basically any serious Ubuntu problem can be solved with 6 commands, by opening a terminal through a live disk and running the following series of commands one by one:
1)sudo mkdir /media/fix
2) sudo mount /dev/sda2 /media/fix(replace /dev/sda2 by your drive name.)
3)sudo chroot /media/fix su
4)apt-get update
5) apt-get upgrade
6) apt-get dist-upgrade

OK.. so first blog article since my blog is up again.. hope it will help you peeps (lol, it will!) Please leave a comment if it works for you.

SOURCE : This method/fix was discovered by Zee

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Squid is a caching proxy server that can provide enhanced performance for HTTP,HTTPS  and FTP. Squid will cache commonly accessed sites so that it can improve performance by 10-20% for Internet connections.

Squid is compliant to the Harvest Cache architecture and uses the Inter-Cache Protocol (ICP) to transfer data between peer and /parent/child servers. Squid can accelerate traffic from the inside network to the Internet or it can be employed to act as a front-end accelerator for a Web server, increasing access to the web pages on the server.

Here is what Squid can do:
1.Accelerate Internet Connections for Internal Network
2.Protect the Internal Network When Surfing the Internet
3.Create Detailed Information About User Activity on the Internet
4.Prevent Inappropriate Activity by Users on the Internet
5.Enforce Use by Authorized Users Only
6.Filter Sensitive Material
7.Accelerate Web Server Pages

Live Ubuntu Courses or Online Ubuntu Courses are available.

Squid acts both as a proxy, working in behalf of a user, and as a cache.   When squid works as a proxy and a user makes a request for a web site, squid retrieves the web page and then provides it to the user.  The user, in reality never reaches the Internet as the proxy server retrieves and caches all the sites the user makes requests for.

Install and Start Squid
Ubuntu now installs squid 2.7 as the default which is focused on high-performance with features aimed at high traffic volume.  This is in contrast to the other option squid 3.0 which has a greater focus on web filtering.  Be sure that any modifications you make are viewed as version specific.

sudo apt-get install squid

Start / Stop / Restart
Because squid is now integrated with upstart the best way to control squid is using these commands:

start squid
stop squid
restart squid

Important Locations
Once you install Squid, you will need to be familiar with these locations that are important for Squid.

/etc/squid                          config directory
/etc/squid/squid.conf     squid configuration file
/usr/share/doc/squid     documentation and examples
/usr/lib/squid                   support files
/usr/sbin/squid               squid daemon
/var/log/squid                 log directory
/var/spool/squid             cache directory

Basic  Squid Configuration
The complete configuration file is found at /etc/squid/squid.conf. However, since the Squid configuration file has over 4960 lines it is not the easiest to work with. A basic configuration of Squid only needs  one modification, if you are using private networks.
The hostname is automatically discovered by squid, however if you want to set a specific name you can use  visible hostname.
visible_hostname myserver
The only line that must be set is to create a http_access variable that will allow users on the internal network to access the Internet. The line should look something like this:
http_access allow localnet
This line needs to be placed in a specific location, included in the example is the line number so it is easier to locate, note that the localhost is configured to work by default.
677 http_access allow localhost
678 http_access allow localnet
This is possible because the default settings now include these three private networks.
acl localnet src 10.0.0.0/8
acl localnet src 172.16.0.0/12
acl localnet src 192.168.0.0/16
Once you have set this up restart squid with the following command.
restart squid
squid start/running, process 13551

Here is a tutorial with additional information on Squid ACLs

Point your browsers from those internal machines to the squid proxy.  Several points to note about the proxy settings.  The default port that you will connect to is 3128 and set squid to use all protocols.  Once that is set you should have Internet access.

You will need to configure your firewall. Limit access so that clients can only go through port 3128. This will force them to use the proxy which will provide speed, save resources and protect your internal machines.

Here is an example of allowing an entire subnet.

ufw allow proto tp from 192.168.4.0/24 to any port 3128

Source

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Inspired by Android’s neat ‘live wallpapers’ – in particular the Galaxy Live Wallpaper – a user named ‘ilap’ set about creating something similar  for Ubuntu 10.10.
Making use of the Compiz plugin framework, ilap has created something really quite stunning – and this is in spite of him admitting that he lacked experience in OpenGL and Compiz plugin programming before starting the project.

Install : Android-style animated desktop wallpaper for Ubuntu

Installing the plugin is relatively straightforward. The instructions below assume you already have Compiz and the Compiz settings manager installed.

Open a terminal (Applications > Accessories > Terminal) and enter the following two lines separately, hitting the ‘enter/return’ key after each.

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ilap/lwp
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install compiz-plugins-livewallpapers

Proceed to enable and configure the plugin: -
1. Right click on the Desktop and choose ‘Change Desktop Background‘
2. Press the  “Add” button
3. Enter “/usr/share/backgrounds” in “Location” field. Hit the return/enter key
4. Select ‘Space_by_ilap.jpg’
5. Press ”Open” followed by “Close”

After the background is changed you need to enable the “Galaxy Live Wallpaper” plugin via the CompizConfig Settings Manager. Launch it from:

Systems -> Preferences -> CompizConfig Settings Manager

The Compiz Configuration Settings Manager window will open. In the left-hand side pane select “Live Wallpapers” and check/enable ‘Galaxy Live Wallpaper’.

Toggle the live galaxy effect by pressing the “Super” (Windows logo button) and “F4” keys in unison.

Android-style animated desktop wallpaper for Ubuntu

Source

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In this article “Linux Mint – Tips And Tricks “, we hope to share with you the many aspects that this important subject has to offer you.

Linux Mint is an impending and public distribution of Linux. There are many public questions about Linux Mint that people want to know the answers to.

How do you invest Linux Mint?

Download the distribution and burn it to a CD as an aura and not a facts parade. You can put this CD into your mainframe and wader up from it. You have the decision of previewing the working scheme and not investing it if you hope. If you want to invest it, primitively click on the invest icon on the desktop and survey the prompts. This means will take about 5 actions to seal out primitive information about 20 to invest.

What an exciting way to begin this article, now let’s take a look at what else we can learn about this topic!

How do you invest the twinkling player to Linux Mint?

One type of Mint does not come with dash. Just hunt the repositories with the Mint position tool and find dash. This will invest it to your scheme.

Is Ubuntu or Linux Mint Better?

Linux Mint is based on Ubuntu. The basic scheme is primitively the same. Mint comes with a different look and feel and a few additional tools. Neither one is truly better than the other. There are differences that just come down to addict preference.

How do you run EXE parades in Mint?

You hardship to invest a list called WineHQ. This will let you run EXE parades and other Windows lists on your Linux scheme. It won’t run everything, but will do a quite good job.

Where is the Thunderbird proparade in Mint?

Your application settings are free to be in your home folder. Most of the time these folders initiate with an episode sense they are veiled from you. You hardship to limited the decision to see your veiled folders. For every Thunderbird folder to find your stored packages and proparades. This is the same for just about any list invested to your scheme.

As they say, knowledge equals power, so continue to read information on this topic until you feel you are adequately educated on the subject “Linux Mint – Tips And Tricks“.

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If you have always wanted to know more about this topic, then get ready because we have all the information you can handle.

Google’s machine effective method originally intended for phones and eventually medicine and netbooks has destroyed off of the mainstream Linux kernel. There are enough changes that are being made that machine has “cleft” the kernel and aren’t with the most up to court Linux kernel with no actually indication that machine ever will be. What does this mean for the hope of machine and Linux effective together?

A fork occurs totally a bit with open find software. each has access to the cipher. At some site in time one group moves in one focus with the cipher while another group does something moreover. The objective is usually to visit together but at period for assorted reasons this does not occur.

While it is finicky that Google selected to use Linux as the root, it doesn’t look that their objectives were to contribute to the kernel over the long stretch and utilize with the Linux identity. It looks that earlier kind of Linux was just a good initial site for their scheme to fabricate the chief effective method on.

As we take the journey through the final part of this article, you can look back at the first part if you need any clarifications on what we have already learned.

This means that as of right now it doesn’t look like machine and Linux will be effective together. There still are applications that can be joint and perhaps drivers, but Google is large enough to floor its own pathway if want be with enough programmers to area up any issues as time goes on.

It should be likely that this would occur eventually because machine doesn’t actually want many of the kernel up courts while it’s presently operation on very narrow hardware.

If you could take the main ideas from this article and put them into a list, you would a great overview of what we have learned.